EVERY one remembers the story of a famous little George, and his hatchet; had this little George been living in the 20th. Century and on the particular date of February 22nd, 1916, he would probably have told his Father he could not tell a lie and he had blown the fuses with his little key. Yes, we are quite sure little George would have reported thus, for every amateur tried his best on the memorable night. The important amateurs of the United States lent their aid to this relay about which we have heard so much. A few months before, the same amateurs had relayed a less important message which was a success. The first message of December 31st, 1915 inspired 9XE and his assistants to order the work on February 22nd, 1916.
The purpose of this test was to show the United States Government that the amateurs of the United States were in a position to co-operate in radio work. The United States authorities at the Rock Island Arsenal seemed rather skeptical about the results of such a relay, but promised to co-operate with 9XE. Never before had the amateurs been flattered by such co-operation. The Navy Department went so far as to have QRT and QRM signals sent out from Arlington on the night of the test. Many of the readers heard NAA give his warning.
Everything had been carefully arranged before the test. The desirable sending stations were listed according to wave lengths, power and other essential details. A large map of the United States was divided up into Districts and by means of circles showing the range of various high powered stations, it was readily determined that the amateurs could cover every point in the United States except a few of the western desert Districts. Considerable diplomacy was necessary in handling the situation, as a certain amount of jealousy was found to exist between Special stations, First-class amateur stations, and the little fellow with the gas engine coil and a few dry batteries. Local jealousies came out, one certain amateur claimed that he was always jammed by another when a relay message came through. This was investigated and it was found that neither the interferer or the QRM'd man could receive a message well enough to read their own call-letters. Their sending was beyond all expression and the only thing their neighbors could read, were their call letters.
Some stations wanted a different night — others a different time, and still others wanted certain stations, friends of theirs, or second cousins, appointed in Squedunk. Every one had something to suggest. Some wanted a copy of the msg. before it was transmitted so they might check up what they received, another crew wanted each station to call another and receive o.k. for a msg. This idea would have worked out well had the message not been an emergency call, all stations trying to pick it up on a QST.
After considering with great care the hundreds of suggestions, final instructions were printed as complete in detail as was possible. A certain time was assigned to each relay station together with the particular wave length which was to be used. Five minutes were given for sending the message and this allowed very little time for tuning. All this backed up the one main purpose, the conditions were exactly as planned; no one had any advantage over the fellow; it was an emergency message: and a case of receive it or not.
On Friday, February 18th at eleven p. m. a test was tried and on this particular occasion QRN was worse in 9XE's district than ever before during the winter. The results from the test were very poor and showed how extremely helpless the amateurs were in the face of such great difficulties.
Last Minute Changes.
The Harvard Wireless Club notified 9XE, that 1ZD's station could not work, but Harvard University would take 1ZD's place, and use his wave length. Harvard certainly did its share.
University of Michigan, 8XN, at Ann Arbor, got in touch with the writer and asked for an assignment. Every one has heard of the striking efficiency of this station, and a special assignment was made for 8XN on the same time as 5BJ, and another assignment was granted at twelve o'clock to permit the stations over the eastern part of the United States to hear the message on the wave length of Miami and Key West stations. Those who claimed they were jammed by stations sending press, only had to adjust their variable condensers a little and 8XN could have been heard.
On the very night of the relay, Prof. Ford of 9YA called the writer and requested permission to send the message twice. This station of the State University of Iowa is well known throughout its District, so permission was granted for another sending time along with the regular assignment. The second sending occurred at 11:35 p. m. central time.
About this time 9XE was the busiest place in Davenport. The Associated Press succeeded in sending in a telegram asking for the msg. about every five minutes, and between these intervals, long distance phone calls kept the writer on the jump. At the same time, the local reporters were busy explaining to the writer how nice it would be for the newspapers to have the Message at once. Needless to say, no one got it until it had been sent.
The Fatal Moment Arrives.
Eleven p. m. The first time in the history of wireless telegraphy, the air was clear with only an occasional QRN. Every amateur in the country was quiet—truly a remarkable thing. It is still eleven p. m. and out the message came.
QST. QST. QST. de 9XE —.—.—.
QST relay MSG.
A Democracy requires that a people who govern and educate themselves should be so armed and disciplined that they can protect themselves.
(Signed) Colonel Nicholson, U. S. A.
The readers need no further description as to just how each station received and relayed the message. Needless to say, the test was a complete success. Certain parts of the message became balled up in the transmission, and before it had gone far it had been signed by Colonel Nicholson, Colonel Nichalson, Colonel Michalson, Colonel Micholson, Colonel Nichols, Colonel Nick, Colonel Richards, Colonel Richardson, and several other Colonels amplified to the nth power. It was a common cause, rich men, poor men, young men, old-men, two ladies, a host of boys, and several ministers. All the talk about preparedness shows that young America is on the job when aroused.
How the Message Travelled.
The Pacific Coast, heard the news fifty-five minutes after it had left 9XE. The Atlantic Coast was just five minutes later than the Pacific. New Orleans boasts of receiving the message within twenty minutes of its first transmission, and the Canadian border reports having heard the message at 11:20 P. M. Central time. All along the coast of Texas, the message was received within thirty minutes after the original transmission. Every amateur may feel with pride that he is one of the efficient system which bounded the United States in one hour.
Incidents of the Relay.
Kuna, Idaho. On his large ranch, H. E. Rawson received fhe message, and galloped across the prairies eighteen miles with his one-lung Ford, and having made the distance in record time, delivered the message to the Governor, who was so surprised at this strange manouever that he was unable to express himself for several days. Mr. Rawson certainly showed the old time American spirit.
Peekskill, N. Y. J. W. Dain, 2CE, was sick in bed, but still had plenty of pep left in him. Against the Doctor's orders, he tried to receive the message, and with chattering teeth and trembling knees, he finally copied it. How's that for spirit?
Victor, Colo., William C. Colburn of the Colburn Ajax Mines and one of the prominent members of the American Radio Relay League, received the message at his Special station which is located 10,800 ft. above the sea level. This was a nice high place, for the message, where we hope it may stand upon the pinnacle of American fame.
Washington, D. C. W. A. Parks. 3DS, copied the message, jumped on a waiting motorcycle, opened the machine up, and after nearly frightening several policemen, especially the one at the Executive Mansion, dashed up the steps of the White House with the msg. written on an A.R.R.L. blank for the President of the United States, whom we hope was peacefully sleeping as it was about 2:00 a. m. February 22nd. Mr. Parks is a "Minute-man." .
Wheeling, W. Va. John. C. Stroebel wrote his station down in the book of fame as 8ZW, which was heard from one end of the country to the other. While Mr. Strobel was notifying hundreds of other amateurs by wireless, he was unable to resort to the wild and rugged roads of West. Virginia, so he was compelled to fall back on the old time out-of-date system of telegraphy run by the Western Union, to notify the Governor of his State.
Lewiston, Mont. 7BD, was found to be the connecting link between the middle west and the Pacific Coast. A. C. Campbell, the operator, certainly did some quick work when he received the message from 9XN and relayed it to La Grande, Ore.
La Grande. Ore. O. M.. Heacock, formerly 7OH, now 7ZH, came in to good advantage when his wonderful aerial handed the message to 7JD. See the picture of this famous pole in the Illustrated Section.
Hoquiam, Wash. This city came on the map when H. W. Blagen, received the message and handed it on to Lacey, in the same State.
Lacey, Wash. The Morning Olympian of Olympia, Wash. tells us how the Rev. Sebastian Ruth in charge of the radio outfit in St. Martin's College, received the message from 7JD and sent it out broadcast covering several hundred miles of western territory. Rev. Ruth, reports having encountered a great deal of interference from VAE, Point Estavan, Vancouver Island. VAE seemed to be calling imaginary warships of the Allies. All sorts of fictitious gunboats are dreamed to have been prowling around our coast so with even the Allies against us, we put the relay through in good shape. Walter A. Kleist, of Tacoma, Wash. delivered the message to Governor Lister of Washington.
Boston, Mass. Mr. S. W. Dean of the Harvard Wireless Club received the message from 2XW. Mr. Dean was so delighted that he hauled Mr. Gawler, the Radio inspector of the First District out of bed at 2:00 A. M. The Governor of Mass. was compelled to undergo the same surgical operation. Mr. Dean phoned him the message in the wee hours of the morning.
Marengo, Ia. The Mayor of this city received the Washington's Birthday message which was received by Peter A. Stover, who copied the message from 9XZ.
Jefferson City, Mo. The message reached this city at 11:45 P. M. and was received by Willis Corwin at his radio station 9ABD Mr. Corwin is exceedingly proud of the letters of congratulation which he received from the Governor of his State and the Mayor of Jefferson City.
Muskogee, Okla. Colonel Nicholson's message was picked up here by Ernest Sams at 11:41 o'clock. Mr. Sam's call is 9XN.
Waco, Texas. Hurrah for Waco! This place is about one thousand miles from 9XE arid on the night in question the static was doing its worst. Paul M. Deeley of this city got the better of the static and so was able to copy the message a few minutes after it was sent. At first he was only able to copy about every third word of the famous relay, but the checking up was so beautifully done and with such little loss of time that the A. P. wire was beaten by half an hour.
Shreveport, La. This place is about nine hundred miles from Davenport, Ohio, but Mr. W. Antony had no trouble in hearing the message all the way down the Mississippi river and first copied all but three words from the origin 9XE.
Worcester, Mass. The Worcester Telegram of February 22nd reports that William H. Allison received the message from 1ZL and delivered it to the Mayor according to schedule.
Nutley, N. J. The Nutley Sun states that Arthur A. Hebert of Highfield Lane, one of the important members and District Superintendent of The Ainerican Radio Relay League received the message thirteen minutes after its start from the Rock Island Arsenal.
List of Relay Points.
The writer could continue for several pages giving newspaper clippings and news items from every part of the country, but the space in "QST" must be devoted to more important things. Credit is due in many places which we have not mentioned and the list given is by no means complete. Many of the relay stations neglected to notify headquarters, so their names will fail to appear.
In conclusion, we wish to express our thanks to Captain Bullard of the Navy Radio Service. Through his co-operation, we can explain much of the success. Mr. Josephus Daniels, Secretary of the Navy also lent valuable assistance and recognizes the value of amateur relaying, finally, we wish to thank all the members of The American Radio Relay League for their timely assistance.
| ALABAMA | |||
| Birmingham | H. S. Brownell | ||
| Mobile | B. W. Martin | ||
| ARKANSAS | |||
| Little Rock | J. M. Clayton | ||
| COLORADO | |||
| CONNECTICUT | |||
| DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA | |||
| GEORGIA | |||
| IDAHO | |||
| IOWA | |||
| ILLINOIS | |||
| KANSAS | |||
| KENTUCKY | |||
| LOUISIANA | |||
| MARYLAND | |||
| MASSACHUSETTS | |||
| MICHIGAN | |||
| MISSOURI | |||
| MINNESOTA | |||
| MONTANA | |||
| NEBRASKA | |||
| NEVADA | |||
| NEW JERSEY | |||
| NEW YORK | |||
| NEW HAMPSHIRE | |||
| NORTH CAROLINA | |||
| OKLAHOMA | |||
| OHIO | |||
| OREGON | |||
| PENNSYLVANIA | |||
| SOUTH CAROLINA | |||
| TEXAS | |||
| UTAH | |||
| VIRGINIA | |||
| WASHINGTON | |||
| WEST VIRGINIA | |||
| WISCONSIN | |||
